Test of Information Processing Skills (TIPS)
Executive Function, retention, recall, and memory capacity are easily detailed
Author: Raymond E. Webster, PhD
- Visual & Auditory Memory/Sequencing
- Ages 5 through Adult (90+)
- Individual Administration
- Nationally Norm-Referenced on 3,314 individuals
- Administration Time: 30 minutes
- Qualification Level B
The TIPS provides clinicians with quick and reliable measures of how well a person processes information (letter strings) presented visually and auditorily.
Although TIPS had its genesis in the Learning Efficiency Test (R. Webster, 1981, 1992, and 1998), it features new items, new subtests (Delayed Recall and Word Fluency), new scoring procedures, and new national norms (N=3,314).
| TIPS Performance Relates to: | TIPS assesses: | - executive function
- working memory
- auditory processing, visual processing
- learning / retaining /organizing / using new information
| - how a person (age 5 through 90+) processes information that is either seen or heard
- how much information is retained (short term, working memory and delayed recall)
- how it is retained (in the sequence presented or in a scrambled order)
- the effects of interference on recall
- semantic fluency
| Short-term and working memory responses show differences between sequenced and non-sequenced retention (a hallmark of those with learning disabilities).
Error analyses (Proactive Inhibition and Auditory Intrusion) document the extent to which new information is lost or its retention is inhibited.
Administration and Scoring
The TIPS can be administered in about 30 minutes. Processing is assessed in two modalities (Visual and Auditory) and three recall conditions using strings of two to nine non-rhyming letters. Sequential and non-sequential scores are obtained; standard scores and percentile ranks are provided.
The Scoring Tutorial
The Scoring Tutorial provided in the manual walks the new user through the scoring procedures and includes a Practice Exercise with an Annotated Key. TIPS Subtests
Visual and Auditory Modality | - Letter Strings are presented and the letters are recalled immediately, then recalled after an interference task (counting), then recalled again after a longer interference task (repeating a sentence)
- Scores differentiate sequenced vs non-sequenced recall (letters recalled in the exact sequence as presented vs letters recalled out of sequence)
- Error analysis provide measures of Acoustic Intrusion and Proactive Interference effects
| Delayed Recall Subtest | - animal or fruits from the interference sentences are recalled
| Semantic Fluency Subtest | - word lists are generated orally within one-minute spans
- word lists are written within one-minute spans
| The TIPS Protocol
The TIPS protocol provides a detailed summary of how one processes new information presented visually or auditorily. An easy-to-use format facilitates score calculations.
About the author:
In 2006, Dr. Raymond Webster joined the medical staff at East Carolina Neurology, the largest private medical neurology group in eastern North Carolina, as a consulting neuropsychologist. For 23 years prior to that, he was a professor of psychology and Director of Graduate Studies at East Carolina University, where he is now Professor Emeritus.
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